@InProceedings{SchuchMBDSLPSBVSHL:2011:SpWeGl,
               author = "Schuch, Nelson Jorge and Munakata, Kazuoki and Bieber, John W. and 
                         Duldig, Marcus L. and Sabbah, Ismail and Lago, Alisson Dal and 
                         Petry, Adriano and rigozo, nivaor rodolfo and Silva, Marlos 
                         Rockenbach da and Braga, Carlos Roberto and Vieira, Lucas Ramos 
                         and Stekel, Tardelli Ronan Coelho and souza, mauricio rosa and 
                         Hammerschmitt, Bruno Knevitz and Lima, Roger Hatwig de",
          affiliation = "{Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {} and {} 
                         and {} and {} and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais 
                         (INPE)} and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and 
                         {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)}",
                title = "Space Weather and the Global Muon Detector Network - GMDN",
            booktitle = "Proceedings...",
                 year = "2011",
         organization = "12th International Congress of the Brazilian Geophysical Society",
             abstract = "The main objective of this work is to present an overview of the 
                         space weather and its relation with the global network of 
                         ground-based multi-directional muon detectors (GMDN). The GMDN is 
                         an international collaboration consisting of 10 institutions from 
                         6 countries in 5 continents. A multi-directional muon detector for 
                         measuring high-energy galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) was installed in 
                         2001 and expanded in its detection area in 2005, through an 
                         international cooperation between Brazil, Japan and USA, and has 
                         been in operation since then at the Southern Space Observatory - 
                         SSO/CRS/INPE -MCT, (29,4º S, 53,8º W, 480 m a.s.l), S{\~a}o 
                         Martinho da Serra, RS, in southern Brazil, as an important 
                         component of the GMDN. The observations conducted by this detector 
                         are used for forecasting the arrival of the interplanetary coronal 
                         mass ejections (ICMEs) and the geomagnetic storms at the Earth. 
                         The detector measures high-energy GCRs by detecting secondary 
                         muons produced from the hadronic interactions of primary GCRs 
                         (mostly protons) with atmospheric nuclei. While muons have a 
                         relatively short life-time (about 2.2 microseconds at rest), they 
                         can reach the detector at ground level because of the relativistic 
                         effect of the time dilation with heir high speed (~0.96c), 
                         preserving the incident direction of primary particles. The 
                         multi-directional detector can measure the GCR intensity in 
                         various directions at a single location, such as SSO in Brazil. 
                         ICMEs accompanied by a strong shock often forms a GCR depleted 
                         region behind the shock. The Forbush decrease is observed when the 
                         Earth enters in this depleted region. Some particles from this 
                         depleted region leak into the downstream, traveling with almost 
                         the speed of light, much faster than the approaching shock, and 
                         creating the precursory loss-cone anisotropy around the sunward 
                         IMF direction at the Earth. Loss-cones are typically visible 4-8 
                         hours prior to the shock arrival and the onset of major 
                         geomagnetic storm at the Earth. This cosmic-ray precursor can be 
                         detected sometimes as early as ten hours prior to the shock 
                         arrival at the Earth. With the real time data from the upgraded 
                         GMDN, its methodology and data reduction techniques permits 
                         accurate Space Weather forecasting.",
  conference-location = "Rio de Janeiro",
      conference-year = "2011",
                label = "lattes: 3638070053255922 7 SchuchMBDSLPSBVSHL:2011:SpWeAn",
             language = "en",
           targetfile = "Resumo Expandido -Space Weather and-CiSBGF -.pdf",
        urlaccessdate = "06 maio 2024"
}